Who was most in favorv of lay investiture?

Lay investiture was most favored by monarchs and secular rulers who sought to strengthen their authority and control over the church within their territories. They believed that by appointing bishops and other church officials, they could ensure loyalty and align religious influence with their political power. This practice often led to significant conflicts with the papacy, particularly during the Investiture Controversy in the 11th and 12th centuries. Kings like Henry IV of Germany were prominent proponents of lay investiture, arguing it was essential for maintaining order and governance.