What is a fatty deposit buildup within an artery called?

Atherosclerosis is the build up of a waxy plaque on the inside of blood vessels. In Greek, athere means gruel, and skleros means hard. Atherosclerosis is often called arteriOSclerosis. ArteriOSclerosis (from the Greek arteria,meaning artery) is a general term for hardening of the arteries. ArteriOSclerosis can occur in several forms, including atherosclerosis.