How does chemo and radiation therapy stop cancer from growing?

Chemotherapy and radiation therapy stop cancer from growing by targeting and damaging the rapidly dividing cancer cells. Chemotherapy uses drugs that interfere with the cancer cells' ability to divide and multiply, while radiation therapy uses high-energy radiation to damage the DNA of the cancer cells, leading to cell death. Both treatments can also affect nearby healthy cells, but cancer cells are generally more vulnerable due to their rapid growth. Ultimately, these therapies aim to reduce tumor size, prevent metastasis, and eliminate cancer from the body.