Why the mountain dwellers are prone to goiter?

Mountain dwellers are prone to goiter primarily due to iodine deficiency, which is more common in regions with limited access to iodine-rich foods or iodized salt. The geological makeup of mountainous areas often lacks sufficient iodine in the soil and water, leading to lower dietary intake. Additionally, the body responds to low iodine levels by enlarging the thyroid gland, causing goiter as a compensatory mechanism to enhance hormone production. This condition is especially prevalent in isolated communities where dietary variety is limited.