All members of the UN are permanent members. Once a country has joined, it does not have to reapply.
I think you mean permanent members of the UN Security Council. There are five permanent members of the UN Security Council: China, France, Russia, United Kingdom and the USA.
These have always been permanent members of the UN Security Council, the mebership hasn't changed since the UN was founded, except Russia took over the seat from the USSR when the USSR was dissolved in 1992.
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