After Athens surrendered to Sparta in 404 BCE, Sparta imposed a new regime known as the Thirty Tyrants, which dismantled Athenian democracy. This oligarchic government was characterized by a small group of pro-Spartan leaders who ruled with an iron fist, executing or exiling many democratic supporters. The Thirty Tyrants aimed to consolidate power and eliminate opposition, leading to significant social and political upheaval in Athens. Their rule was marked by brutality and was eventually overthrown, restoring democracy in 403 BCE.
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