How do spotted Rays protect themselves from predators?

Spotted rays protect themselves from predators primarily through their ability to camouflage with the ocean floor, blending in with sand and rocks due to their mottled coloration. They can also quickly bury themselves in substrate to hide from threats. Additionally, their flat bodies and wide pectoral fins allow them to maneuver swiftly, enabling them to escape when threatened. Some species may also exhibit defensive behaviors, such as using their venomous spines if attacked.