Why do cartels usually not last very long?

Cartels typically do not last long due to internal conflicts, competition, and external pressures. Members often face incentives to cheat on agreements by undercutting prices or increasing production to maximize their profits. Additionally, law enforcement and regulatory actions can dismantle cartels, while market dynamics and entry of new competitors can further destabilize their operations. Over time, these factors lead to a breakdown in cooperation among cartel members.