What is the difference of AV shunt and AV graft?

An arteriovenous (AV) shunt is a connection between an artery and a vein that allows for direct blood flow, typically used in dialysis patients to facilitate access to the bloodstream. In contrast, an AV graft involves a synthetic tube that connects an artery to a vein, providing a larger access point for blood flow, which is especially useful when the patient's veins are unsuitable for a shunt. While both serve similar purposes in dialysis, the method of creation and materials used differ. AV grafts are often used when natural veins are not adequate for creating a shunt.