What is the principal difference of toasting and broiling?

Toasting involves exposing food, typically bread, to direct heat from above, primarily to brown and crisp the surface. Broiling, on the other hand, cooks food with high heat from above, often used for meats and vegetables, allowing for a faster cooking process that can also enhance flavor through caramelization. While both methods use top-down heat, broiling usually cooks thicker items more thoroughly compared to toasting, which is primarily focused on surface browning.