The major shift in subject matter from the Greco-Roman period to the Middle Ages was the transition from a focus on Humanism, individual achievement, and the celebration of the human form to a more religious and spiritual orientation. While Greco-Roman art and literature emphasized mythology, philosophy, and the beauty of the human body, the Middle Ages saw an increased emphasis on Christian themes, moral lessons, and the divine. This shift was reflected in the use of religious iconography, the portrayal of saints, and a focus on the afterlife in art and literature. Overall, the Middle Ages prioritized faith and the collective experience over the individualistic celebration found in earlier Greco-Roman works.
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