What is the structure called in which the filtrate is first collected in the human kidney?

The structure in which the filtrate is first collected in the human kidney is called the Bowman's capsule. It is a cup-shaped sac located at the beginning of the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. The Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerulus, a network of capillaries where blood filtration occurs, allowing water, ions, and small molecules to pass into the capsule while retaining larger molecules and cells in the bloodstream.