How do you refine a topic of a writing process?

To refine a topic during the writing process, start by brainstorming and listing out your initial ideas. Next, narrow down your focus by considering the audience, purpose, and scope of your work. Ask specific questions about your topic to identify gaps or areas that need further exploration. Finally, create a clear thesis statement that encapsulates your refined topic, ensuring it is both specific and manageable for your intended piece.