What is the difference between a monarch and an enlightened despot?

A monarch is a sovereign head of state, often hereditary, who holds significant power and authority over a kingdom or territory. An enlightened despot, on the other hand, is a specific type of monarch who embraces Enlightenment principles, such as reason, science, and the welfare of their subjects, while maintaining absolute power. Unlike traditional monarchs, enlightened despots may implement reforms aimed at improving society and governance, though they still retain control rather than establishing democratic systems. Examples include rulers like Frederick the Great of Prussia and Catherine the Great of Russia.