How were writers paid in the 19th Century?

In the 19th century, writers were typically compensated through various means, including payment for individual pieces, royalties from book sales, and advances from publishers. Many writers contributed to periodicals and magazines, receiving fees for their articles or stories. Additionally, some authors entered into contracts that granted them a percentage of the profits from their works. Overall, the financial stability of writers varied widely based on their popularity and the market demand for their writing.