What is shigella spp?

Shigella spp. are a group of bacteria that cause shigellosis, an infectious disease characterized by diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. These bacteria are highly contagious and are primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water, as well as person-to-person contact. Shigella infections can lead to severe gastrointestinal symptoms and may require medical treatment, especially in vulnerable populations. The four main species of Shigella are Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Shigella boydii, and Shigella sonnei.