The Western Bloc, led by the United States and its NATO allies, was characterized by capitalist economies, democratic governance, and a focus on individual liberties. In contrast, the Eastern Bloc, dominated by the Soviet Union and its satellite states, operated under communist regimes with centrally planned economies and limited political freedoms. The two blocs were ideologically opposed, leading to the Cold War, a period marked by political tension, military rivalry, and competing spheres of influence. This division was symbolized by the Iron Curtain, which separated Western Europe from Eastern Europe.
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