Why was the gear connected to the pedals larger than the gear connected to the wheel?

The gear connected to the pedals is larger than the gear connected to the wheel to create a gear ratio that enhances torque and efficiency. This configuration allows the rider to exert less force on the pedals while achieving greater rotational speed at the wheel, making it easier to accelerate and climb hills. Essentially, the larger gear multiplies the pedaling force, translating to more effective movement of the bicycle.