How was the steam boat powered?

The steamboat was powered by steam engines that converted heat energy from burning fuel, typically wood or coal, into mechanical energy. Water was heated in a boiler to produce steam, which then expanded and drove pistons or turbines connected to the boat's propellers or paddlewheels. This innovative use of steam propulsion allowed steamboats to navigate rivers and seas more efficiently than sailboats or manual rowing, greatly enhancing transportation and trade in the 19th century.