When did composers begin to act like freelance agents in music?

Composers began to act like freelance agents in music during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, particularly with the rise of the Classical and Romantic periods. This shift was influenced by the decline of patronage systems and the increasing demand for public performances, which allowed composers to seek independent contracts and commissions. Notable figures like Beethoven and Franz Liszt exemplified this new model, embracing public concerts and personal branding to establish their careers. This change laid the groundwork for the modern music industry, where composers could navigate their own paths.