How did the rivets on the titanic buckle and cause a chain reaction on the other rivets?

The rivets on the Titanic were made from a lower quality iron that became brittle upon impact with the iceberg. When the iceberg struck, the initial rivets buckled under the extreme stress, creating gaps in the ship's hull. This failure allowed water to flood adjacent compartments, leading to further buckling of surrounding rivets and a catastrophic chain reaction that compromised the ship's integrity. As more rivets failed, the flooding spread, ultimately leading to the Titanic's sinking.