Why an ecologist must consider both speciation and extinction when analyzing the diversity of life on earth?

An ecologist must consider both speciation and extinction because they are fundamental processes that shape biodiversity. Speciation contributes to the emergence of new species, enhancing genetic diversity and ecosystem resilience. In contrast, extinction leads to the loss of species, potentially destabilizing ecosystems and diminishing their functionality. Understanding the balance between these processes is essential for assessing the overall health and sustainability of ecosystems.