What are the possible defects of capacitor?

Capacitor defects can include leakage current, where the capacitor allows current to flow through it even when it should be off, leading to inefficiency and potential failure. Other issues include dielectric breakdown, which occurs when the insulating material within the capacitor fails, and short circuits, which can occur due to physical damage or manufacturing defects. Additionally, capacitors may experience capacitance drift over time, resulting in a loss of their ability to store charge effectively. Finally, excessive heat can cause physical deformation or failure of the capacitor's materials.