Why is only 10 of an iceberg visible above the waterline?

Only about 10% of an iceberg is visible above the waterline due to the difference in density between ice and seawater. Ice is less dense than saltwater, causing it to float, but the majority of its mass remains submerged. This phenomenon is a result of Archimedes' principle, which states that an object floats when the weight of the water it displaces equals the weight of the object itself. Thus, while a small portion is visible, the vast majority of an iceberg lies hidden beneath the surface.