What were the problems ancient India faced?

Ancient India faced several challenges, including political fragmentation, with various kingdoms and empires often in conflict or competing for power. Economic issues arose from trade disruptions, agricultural difficulties, and varying levels of wealth among regions. Socially, caste divisions and gender disparities created tensions and limited social mobility. Additionally, invasions from external forces, such as the Huns or later the Mughals, posed significant threats to stability and cultural continuity.