What parts make up an exhaust?

An exhaust system typically consists of several key parts, including the exhaust manifold, which collects exhaust gases from the engine; the catalytic converter, which reduces harmful emissions; the muffler, which reduces noise; and the exhaust pipes, which direct the gases out of the vehicle. Additionally, components like oxygen sensors and resonators may be included to optimize performance and emissions. Together, these parts work to safely expel engine byproducts while minimizing noise and pollution.