The most common mold that affects grapes is Botrytis cinerea, often referred to as "noble rot." This fungus can lead to both beneficial and detrimental effects; in controlled conditions, it can enhance the flavor of certain wines, particularly dessert wines. However, under unfavorable conditions, it can cause grape decay and spoilage. Other molds, such as powdery mildew and downy mildew, can also affect grapevines, leading to reduced yield and quality.
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