Do some dry land toads reproduce without tadpole stage?

Yes, some dry land toads, such as certain species of the family Bufonidae, can reproduce via direct development, bypassing the tadpole stage. In these species, eggs hatch directly into miniature versions of adult toads, allowing them to thrive in arid environments where standing water for tadpoles may be scarce. This adaptation helps them survive in habitats where traditional aquatic stages would be disadvantageous.