The Federal Court System is set up mainly on a three tier system. 1. The basic level is the Circuit Court. Trials are held before the judge of the Circuit Court. That is where a Federal offender is found Guilty or Not Guilty. It is also where law suits are settled when it involves people in different states and they do not want to settle their differences in a state court. 2. Above that level are the District Courts of Appeal. One of these is the 11th District in Atlanta. Another is the 9th District in California. The District Courts hear appeals of the decisions from the circuit courts. in an appeal, an appeal lawyer reads through a trial manuscript, or record of what went on in a trial. He points out items that are contrary to the law or mistakes that the trial judge made. The appeal court judges review his work and decide if he is correct. Frequently he has some good points. Sometimes an appeal lawyer can get a few charges thrown out on a criminal complaint and his client will serve less time, or in a civil suit, he can have an award reduced. 3. Above the District Courts is The Supreme Court of the United States. The Supreme Court votes on what appeals it will hear from the District Courts. It only takes the most difficult cases. It can take any kind of case. It can even be a trial court. It last granted a Writ of Habeas Corpus in 1924. No one, even the Chief Justice, knows if it will ever do it again or why, but it could. Specialized courts also exist outside the main system but that is it.
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