How weeds can be removed?

Biological, botanical, chemical, cultural and mechanical methods describe how weeds can be removed. Biological and botanical methods invoke natural enemies such as caterpillars and organic products such as horticultural vinegar while chemical methods involve herbicides with lab-produced active ingredients such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Cultural and mechanical methods require controlled burns, extreme mowing, manual extraction by gloved hands with or without trowels, mechanical removal by backhoes, excavators or tractors, severe pruning and solarization by weighted-down black plastic sheets.