What is the medical term meaning surgical crushing of gallstones?

It depends on how you crush it. If using ultrasound from outside the body, the procedure is called ESWL - extracorporeal sound wave lithotripsy . The machine used to perform this procedure is called a Lithotriptor.

+++ It doesn't "crush" the calculus, but cause it to disintegrate by cavitation induced by extremely high frequency sound-waves - basically they shake it to bits.