What is the bark and what is its function?

Bark is the outer protective layer of a tree or woody plant, consisting of both living and dead tissues. Its primary function is to safeguard the inner layers of the tree, including the cambium and phloem, from physical damage, pathogens, and pests. Additionally, bark helps to regulate water loss and can play a role in the transport of nutrients. Overall, it serves as a crucial barrier that contributes to the tree's overall health and longevity.