Can p waves vibrate at 90 degrees to the wave motion?

P-waves, or primary waves, are a type of seismic wave that travel through solids, liquids, and gases. They are longitudinal waves, meaning that the particle motion is parallel to the direction of wave propagation. Therefore, P-waves cannot vibrate at 90 degrees to the wave motion; that characteristic is typical of S-waves (shear waves), which are transverse waves.