The German armed forces were formally ordered to begin using the Nazi salute on July 24, 1944. Prior to this date the Nazi or Fascist salute, with the right arm stiffly extended to its full length and usually accompanied by a loud “Heil Hitler,” had been optional in the armed forces. In fact, outside of the SS units which routinely used the Nazi salute, the regular army (Wehrmacht) tended to stick with the more typical military salute of the right hand touching the rim of the cap.
What precipitated the change was the failure of the July 20, 1944 plot to assassinate Hitler. A bomb was placed in the conference room at Rastenburg where Hitler held his daily briefings, but unfortunately the blast only injured him. Hitler had long since had all the armed forces swear an oath of allegiance to him personally, but the matter and manner of saluting had been discretionary until after the bombing, when Hitler wanted to further insure the enduring allegiance of his forces by using the Nazi salute exclusively. This continued until at least April 30, 1945, when Hitler committed suicide in the Führerbunker in Berlin beneath the Chancellery. Seven days later Germany surrendered unconditionally.
Since the end of the war, the use of the Nazi or Fascist stiff-armed salute has been forbidden by law in Germany and Austria, although variations of it are still used by neo-Nazis and German skinheads.
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