Who was not allowed to vote hold property or participate in civic life in Ancient Greece?

In Ancient Greece, women, slaves, and foreign residents (metics) were not allowed to vote, hold property, or participate in civic life. Citizenship and the associated rights were typically reserved for free-born males of Athenian descent, limiting political participation to a small segment of the population. This exclusion reflected the societal norms and values of the time, which prioritized male dominance in public and political spheres.