What changes were made to ships that changed war on the seas?

Significant changes to ships that transformed naval warfare included the introduction of ironclad warships in the 19th century, which replaced wooden vessels and offered enhanced durability and firepower. The development of steam propulsion allowed ships to maneuver more effectively and operate independently of wind conditions. Additionally, advancements in naval artillery, such as rifled cannons and torpedoes, dramatically increased the lethality of naval engagements. These innovations collectively shifted the dynamics of maritime strategy and combat.