In the lungs, oxygen from the air enters the bloodstream through tiny air sacs called alveoli, where it diffuses across the alveolar membrane. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste gas produced by the body's metabolism, diffuses from the blood into the alveoli to be exhaled. This process is part of respiration, allowing the body to take in oxygen while expelling carbon dioxide efficiently. Thus, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs simultaneously, maintaining the balance of gases in the blood.
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