Which followig areas was not considered one of the cradles of early civilization?

The area that is not considered one of the cradles of early civilization is often identified as the Arctic region. Unlike the fertile lands of Mesopotamia, the Nile Valley, the Indus Valley, and Mesoamerica, the Arctic lacked the necessary agricultural conditions and resources to support early complex societies. Instead, it was primarily inhabited by nomadic groups relying on hunting and gathering.