What are the parts of a banister railing?

A banister railing typically consists of several key components: the handrail, which is the top part that people grasp; the balusters, which are vertical posts that support the handrail and provide safety; and the newel post, a larger vertical post at the beginning, end, or at turns of the railing that provides stability. Additionally, there may be a base rail or cap rail along the bottom of the balusters for added design and support. Together, these parts ensure both functionality and aesthetic appeal.