How many words can 8 bits and 16 bits processors transmit at a time?

An 8 bit processor can transmit one letter at a time. In the ASCII code, each of the first 127 combinations of bits has a special standard meaning. The last 127 is given a special meaning. So an an 8 bit processor can transmit 256 bits at a time. An A is 65 bits.

A 16 bit processor can transmit two letters at a time. A B is 66 bits. An E is 69 bits. It can transmit a B and an E. By definition that is considered a Word. A difference exists between the way computer people use the language and normal people use it.

Actually, a piece of equipment called a bus attached to the processor does the actual transmitting.