The fig is a tree Ficus Carica grown for its fruit since ancient times, so a fig is a fruit. Botanically all of the plant kingdom are vegetable matter but horticulturally a vegetable is a plant either cooked or eaten raw as part of the savory rather than the sweet course of a meal.
To tell the difference, fruits have seeds and vegetables do not. Figs have seeds so they are technically a fruit.
Strictly speaking most plants, except ferns, bear seeds, including vegetables. In most fruits the seed is contained within the fruit. So a fig bears fruit that carry the seeds so a fig is a fruit.
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