Who defeated the combined amory at hattin and captured juruselum?

Saladin, the Sultan of Egypt and Syria, defeated the combined armies of the Crusaders at the Battle of Hattin in July 1187. His victory effectively weakened Crusader control in the region, leading to the capture of Jerusalem later that year. Saladin's strategic prowess and the Crusaders' missteps contributed to this significant turning point in the Crusades.