Where did the phrase when the cat's away the mice will play originate?

The phrase "when the cat's away, the mice will play" originates from a proverb that highlights how subordinates tend to behave more freely and mischievously in the absence of authority. The earliest recorded use of a similar expression dates back to the 16th century in England. It captures the idea that without supervision, individuals may take advantage of the situation to engage in playful or rebellious behavior. The phrase has since become a popular saying in various cultures.