What is an extent to which individuals are better off at the end of a specific period than they were at the beginning?

The extent to which individuals are better off at the end of a specific period than at the beginning can be measured through changes in their well-being, financial status, or overall quality of life. This can involve assessing improvements in income, health, education, or personal fulfillment. Such changes can be quantified using metrics like income growth, increased access to resources, or enhanced life satisfaction. Ultimately, it reflects the net gains or losses experienced by individuals over that time frame.