The compositional device developed during the Renaissance in which composers attempt to match the rhythm of music with the natural rhythm of language is?

The compositional device developed during the Renaissance that aims to align the rhythm of music with the natural rhythm of language is called "Word painting" or "text painting." This technique involves creating musical phrases that reflect the literal meaning or emotional content of the lyrics, enhancing the overall expression of the text. Composers like Josquin des Prez and Palestrina often employed this method to create a more profound connection between music and poetry.