What is malignant transformation?

Malignant transformation is the process by which normal cells undergo changes that lead to uncontrolled growth and the potential to invade surrounding tissues, resulting in cancer. This transformation is often driven by genetic mutations, environmental factors, or a combination of both, which disrupt normal regulatory mechanisms of cell division and apoptosis. As a result, these transformed cells can proliferate uncontrollably and develop the ability to spread to other parts of the body, forming tumors.