What are the three most powerful empires in west Africa between the 400s and 1500s?

The three most powerful empires in West Africa between the 400s and 1500s were the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire, and the Songhai Empire. The Ghana Empire, flourishing from around the 6th to 13th centuries, was known for its wealth in gold and trade. The Mali Empire, reaching its peak in the 14th century under Mansa Musa, expanded significantly and became a center of learning and culture, particularly in Timbuktu. Lastly, the Songhai Empire emerged in the 15th century, becoming the largest of the three and dominating trade routes, further enhancing the region's wealth and influence.