What principle of art leads a viwer to sense action in a work?

The principle of art that leads a viewer to sense action in a work is "movement." This can be achieved through dynamic lines, shapes, and forms that guide the viewer's eye across the composition, creating a sense of rhythm and flow. Artists often use techniques such as diagonal lines, contrasting colors, and repeating patterns to evoke a feeling of motion. By engaging the viewer's gaze and imagination, movement helps convey energy and vitality within the artwork.