Who disagreed with Horace Mann?

Horace Mann, an advocate for public education reform in the 19th century, faced opposition from various groups, including some religious leaders and politicians who believed that his push for secular education undermined religious instruction. Additionally, proponents of private and parochial schools argued that Mann's focus on universal public education threatened parental rights and the diversity of educational options. His emphasis on a standardized curriculum also drew criticism from those who favored more localized control over schooling.