What techniques did Leonardo use to give more realism to the painting of the last supper?

Leonardo da vinci employed several techniques to enhance realism in "The Last Supper." He utilized linear perspective, drawing the viewer's eye towards Christ at the vanishing point, which creates depth. Additionally, his use of chiaroscuro, or the contrast between light and shadow, added dimension to the figures, making them more lifelike. Leonardo also meticulously captured the emotions and gestures of each apostle, adding to the scene's dramatic realism.